ASTM B111 Seamless copper alloy condenser tubes specification.PDF
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What is the ASTM B111 specification?
ASTM B111 specification establishes standard requirements for seamless copper and copper-alloy tubes and ferrule stock. These tubes must be manufactured using seamless processes. such as extrusion, drawing, or annealing-to ensure a uniform, weld-free microstructure. They are subject to rigorous testing to verify structural integrity, including expanding (mandrel) tests, flattening tests, and either hydrostatic testing or non-destructive (eddy current) testing. This specification is primarily applicable to surface condensers, evaporators, and heat exchangers used in the marine, petrochemical, and power generation industries.
Scope
This specification establishes the requirements for seamless copper and copper-alloy tubes and ferrule stock, up to and including 3 1/8 inches [80 mm] in diameter, for use in surface condensers, evaporators, and heat exchangers.
ASTM B111 Seamless copper alloy condenser tubes Chemical Composition
| UNS No. | Copper* | Tin | Aluminum | Nickel, incl Cobalt | Lead, max | Iron | Zinc | Manganese | Arsenic | Antimony | Phosphorus | Chromium | Other Named Elements |
| C10100 | 99.99 min | 0.002 max | … | 0.0010 max | 0.0005 max | 0.0010 max | 0.0001 | 0.0005 max | 0.0005 | 0.004 max | 0.003 max | 0.001 max | … |
| C10200 | 99.95min | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| C10300 | 99.95min | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| C10800 | 99.95min | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| C12000 | 99.90 min | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| C12200 | 99.90 min | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| C14200 | 99.4 min | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | 0.004–0.012 | … | … |
| C14230 | 98.5 min | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | 0.005–0.015 | … | … |
| C12300 | 99.90 min | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | … | 0.015–0.040 | … | … |
| C19200 | 98.5–99.5 | 0.8–1.2 | … | … | 0.05 | 0.05 max | remainder | … | … | … | 0.01–0.04 | … | … |
| C19400 | 97.0 min | 0.9–1.2 | … | … | … | 0.8–1.2 | remainder | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| C19700 | 98.5 min | 0.9–1.2 | … | … | 0.07 | 0.06 max | remainder | … | 0.02–0.06 | … | … | … | … |
| C44300 | 70.0–73.0 | 0.9–1.2 | … | … | 0.07 | 0.06 max | remainder | … | 0.02–0.10 | … | … | … | … |
| C44400 | 70.0–73.0 | 0.9–1.2 | … | … | 0.07 | 0.06 max | remainder | … | 0.02–0.10 | 0.02–0.10 | … | … | … |
| C44500 | 70.0–73.0 | … | 5.0–6.5 | … | 0.07 | 0.06 max | remainder | … | … | … | … | … | … |
| C60800 | remainder | 0.20–0.50 | 6.0–7.5 | 0.15 max | 0.01 | 0.10 max | 0.10 max | 0.20 max | 0.02–0.35 | … | … | … | … |
| C81300 | remainder | … | 6.0–8.0 | … | … | 0.20–0.30 | 5–15 | 0.20 max | … | … | … | 1.0 max | … |
| C81400 | remainder | 1.8–2.5 | 4.8–6.2 | … | 0.05 | 1.5–3.5 | remainder | 0.30–0.8 | 0.02–0.06 | … | … | … | … |
| C86200 | remainder | … | 9.0–11.0 | … | … | 1.0 | 1.0–1.8 | 1.0 max | … | … | … | 1.0 max | … |
| C86300 | remainder | … | 9.0–11.0 | … | … | 1.5 | 1.0–1.8 | 1.0 max | … | … | … | 1.0 max | … |
| C70620 | 86.5 min | … | … | … | 0.02 | 0.50 max | 0.50 max | 1.0 max | … | … | 0.02 max | … | C .05 max |
| C71000 | remainder | … | … | 19.0–23.0 | 0.05 | 0.50–1.0 | 1.0 maxᴴ | 1.0 max | … | … | … | … | |
| C71500 | remainder | … | … | 29.0–33.0 | 0.05 | 0.40–1.0 | 1.0 maxᴴ | 1.0 max | … | … | … | … | |
| C71520 | 65.0 min | … | … | 29.0–33.0 | 0.05 | 0.40–1.0 | 1.0 max | 1.0 max | … | … | 0.52 max | … | C .05 max S .02 max Mn .50 max |
| C71640 | remainder | … | … | 29.0–32.0 | 0.05 | 1.7–2.3 | 1.0 max | 1.5–2.5 | … | … | … | C .05 max S .02 max Mn .50 max |
|
| C72200 | remainder | … | … | 15.0–18.0 | 0.05 | 0.50–1.0 | 1.0 max | 1.0 max | … | … | … | 0.30–0.70 | C .05 max S .03 max Ti .03 max Mn .03 max |
ASTM B111 Copper alloy condenser tubes Mechanical Properties
| Copper or Copper Alloy UNS No. | Temper (Standard) | Temper (Former) | Tensile Strength, min (MPa) | Yield Strength, min (MPa) | Elongation in 50 mm, min (%) |
| C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800, C12000, C12200, C14200 | H55 | light-drawn | 250 | 205 | … |
| C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800, C12000, C12200, C14200 | H80 | hard-drawn | 310 | 275 | … |
| C19200 | H55 | light-drawn | 275 | 240 | … |
| C19200 | H80 | hard-drawn | 330 | 295 | … |
| C19200 | O61 | annealed | 260 | 85 | … |
| C23000 | O61 | annealed | 275 | 85 | … |
| C28000 | O61 | annealed | 345 | 140 | … |
| C44300, C44400, C44500 | O61 | annealed | 310 | 105 | … |
| C60800 | O61 | annealed | 345 | 130 | … |
| C61300, C61400 | O61 | annealed | 480 | 205 | … |
| C68700 | O61 | annealed | 345 | 125 | … |
| C70400 | O61 | annealed | 260 | 85 | … |
| C70600, C70620 | H55 | light-drawn | 275 | 205 | … |
| C70600, C70620 | O61 | annealed | 310 | 105 | … |
| C71000 | H55 | annealed | 310 | 240 | … |
| C71500, C71520 | O61 | annealed | 360 | 125 | … |
| C71500, C71520 (Wall thicknesses up to 1.2 mm incl) | HR50 | drawn and stress-relieved | 495 | 345 | 12 |
| C71500, C71520 (Wall thicknesses over 1.2 mm) | HR50 | drawn and stress-relieved | 435 | 170 | 15 |
| C71640 | O61 | annealed | 560 | 400 | … |
| C71640 | HR50 | drawn and stress relieved | 310 | 110 | … |
| C72200 | O61 | annealed | 345 | 310 | … |
ASTM B111 Copper alloy condenser tubes Expansion Requirements
Under ASTM B111 / ASME SB111, condenser tubes must expand in accordance with ASTM B153. Samples must expand by a specified percentage of their original outside diameter without cracking or rupturing. Hard-drawn tubes (unless end-annealed) and ferrule stock are exempt from this test.
| Temper (Standard) | Temper (Former) | Copper or Copper Alloy UNS No. | Expansion of Tube OD (% of Original OD) |
| O61 | annealed | C16200 | 30 |
| O61 | annealed | C23000 | 20 |
| O61 | annealed | C28000 | 15 |
| O61 | annealed | C44300, C44400, C44500 | 20 |
| O61 | annealed | C60800 | 20 |
| O61 | annealed | C61300, C61400 | 20 |
| O61 | annealed | C68700 | 20 |
| O61 | annealed | C70400 | 30 |
| O61 | annealed | C70600, C70620 | 30 |
| O61 | annealed | C71000 | 30 |
| O61 | annealed | C71500, C71520 | 30 |
| O61 | annealed | C71640 | 30 |
| O61 | annealed | C72200 | 30 |
| H55 | light-drawn | C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800, C12000, C12200, C14200 | 20 |
| H55 | light-drawn | C19200 | 20 |
| H55 | light-drawn | C70400 | 20 |
| H55 | light-drawn | C70600, C70620 | 20 |
| H55 | light-drawn | C72200 | 20 |
| HR50 | drawn and stress relieved | C71500, C71520 | 20 |
| HR50 | drawn and stress relieved | C71640 | 20 |
| … | hard-drawn and end annealed | C10100, C10200, C10300, C10800, C12000, C12200, C14200 | 30 |
ASTM B111 Copper alloy tubes Notch depth
In ASTM B111 copper alloy tubes, notch depth refers to the dimensions of the artificial notches used during the mandatory Eddy-Current Test to calibrate testing sensitivity.
| Tube Wall Thickness (mm) | OD Over 6 to 19, incl (mm) | OD Over 19 to 32, incl (mm) | OD Over 32 to 80, incl (mm) |
| Over 0.4–0.8 | 0.13 | 0.15 | 0.18 |
| Incl 0.8–1.3 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.19 |
| Incl 1.3–2.1 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.2 |
| Incl 2.1–2.8 | 0.19 | 0.22 | 0.24 |
| Incl 2.8–3.0 | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.28 |
ASTM B111 Copper alloy tubes Diameter of Drilled Holes
Under the ASTM B111 / ASME SB111 Specification, the "Diameter of Drilled Holes" does not refer to the tube's dimensions, but rather the accepted clearance tolerances for baffle, support, or tubesheet holes into which the copper alloy tubes are fitted.
| Tube Outside Diameter (mm) | Diameter of Drilled Holes (mm) | Drill No. |
| 6.0–19.0, incl | 0.65 | 72 |
| Over 19.0–25.4, incl | 0.8 | 68 |
| Over 25.4–31.8, incl | 0.92 | 64 |
| Over 31.8–38.1, incl | 1.1 | 58 |
| Over 38.1–44.4, incl | 1.2 | 56 |
| Over 44.4–50.8, incl | 1.3 | 55 |
ASTM B111 Copper alloy tubes Diameter Tolerances
In accordance with the ASTM B111 standard, seamless copper and copper-alloy condenser tubes with diameters up to 3⅛ inches [80 mm] must meet strict outside diameter (OD) tolerance requirements. These are bilateral tolerances that vary according to the nominal size.
| Outside Diameter (mm) | Wall 0.508–0.711 mm | Wall 0.813 mm | Wall 0.889 mm | Wall 1.07 mm | Wall 1.24 and Over mm |
| Up to 12, incl | 0.076 | 0.064 | 0.064 | 0.064 | 0.064 |
| Over 12–18, incl | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.089 | 0.076 |
| Over 18–25, incl | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.1 |
| Over 25–35, incl | … | … | … | 0.2 | 0.13 |
| Over 35–50, incl | … | … | … | … | 0.15 |
| Over 50–79, incl | … | … | … | … | 0.17 |
ASTM B111 Copper alloy tubes Wall Thickness Tolerances
Under ASTM B111 standards, wall thickness tolerances for seamless copper alloy tubes vary based on whether the tube is ordered to an Average Wall or a Minimum Wall and its diameter.
| Wall Thickness (mm) | OD Over 12 to 25, incl (mm) | OD Over 25 to 50, incl (mm) | OD Over 50 to 80, incl (mm) |
| 0.50, incl to 0.80 | 0.08 | 0.1 | … |
| 0.80, incl to 0.90 | 0.08 | 0.1 | … |
| 0.90, incl to 1.5 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.13 |
| 1.5, incl to 2.1 | 0.13 | 0.13 | 0.14 |
| 2.1, incl to 3.0 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.17 |
| 3.0, incl to 3.4 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.2 |
If you have technical questions regarding the ASTM B111 standard specification, you can click to download ASTM B111.PDF.
ASTM B111 Seamless Copper Alloy Condenser Tubes Testing Requirements
ASTM B111 establishes rigorous testing requirements for seamless copper and copper-alloy condenser tubes and ferrule stock. The specification mandates destructive testing (tensile, expansion, flattening, and residual stress) and non-destructive testing (eddy-current and hydrostatic or pneumatic) to ensure suitability for heat exchangers.
Packaging and Marking
Materials shall be classified by size, composition, and temper, and prepared for shipment in a manner that ensures acceptance by common carriers and protects against hazards encountered during normal transportation.
Each shipping unit shall be clearly marked with the purchase order number, metal or alloy grade, temper, size, shape, total length or number of pieces (or both), and the supplier's name. The specification number shall also be marked if required.
Ordering Information
Include the following information when placing ordersfor product under this specification:
1.1ASTM Designation andyear of approval (forexample, ASTM B111/B111M - 04),
1.2 Copper or Copper Alloy UNS Designation
1.3 Form (tube or ferrule stock),
1.4 Temper (see Temper section),
1.5 Dimensions, outside diameter, and wall thickness,whether minn or nominal (Dimensions and Permissible11Variations Section),
1.6 Quantity-total weight or total length or number ofpieces of each size.
What is the difference between ASTM B111 and ASTM B135?
The primary difference lies in their application and scope. ASTM B111 covers copper and copper-alloy seamless tubes specifically designed for heat exchangers, condensers, and evaporators. ASTM B135 governs seamless brass tubes for general engineering, plumbing, and ornamental purposes, and explicitly allows for non-round (square and rectangular) shapes.
