What is ASTM A666 Type 304 cold-worked steel sheet?
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What is ASTM A666 Type 304?
ASTM A666 304 stainless steel is a standard for austenitic stainless steel in the annealed or cold-worked state, commonly used in structural, building, and various industrial applications. It is a versatile, corrosion-resistant stainless steel with excellent weldability and machinability. However, due to its lower carbon content, 304L minimizes carbide precipitation, making it generally more popular in welding applications. This material is available in various forms, including plates and strips, and must meet specific mechanical and chemical property requirements specified by ASTM.
ASTM A666 type 304 sheet specification
ASTM A666 specifies type 304 stainless steel, which is an austenitic grade known for its 18% chromium and 8% nickel composition. The specification covers its properties and processing, but the specific details for a sheet will also be governed by other standards like ASTM A240. Key mechanical properties include a minimum tensile strength of 505 MPa (73,200 psi) and a minimum yield strength of 215 MPa (31,200 psi) at 0.2% offset in the annealed condition.
What is the composition of ASTM A666 type 304?
ASTM A666 type 304 is composed of 18-20% chromium, 8-10.5% nickel, and a maximum of 0.08% carbon, with the balance being primarily iron. Other elements include a maximum of 2% manganese, 0.045% phosphorus, 0.03% sulfur, 0.75% silicon, and 0.10% nitrogen.
| Grade | Phosphorus | Carbon | Silicon | Manganese | Sulfur | Nickel | Chromium | Other Elements |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A666 304 | 0.045 | 0.08 | 0.75 | 2 | 0.03 | 8.0–10.5 | 18.0–20.0 | N 0.10 |
What is the yield strength of ASTM A666 type 304?
The minimum yield strength of ASTM A666 304 stainless steel is 30 ksi (205 MPa). This is the yield strength in the annealed state; the yield strength in other tempered states may be significantly higher.
| Grade | Tensile Strength, min | Elongation in 2 in. or 50 milimeter, min, % | Yield Strength, min | Hardness, max | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| psi | MPa | psi | MPa | Brinell | Rockwell B | ||||||||||
| A666 304 | 75000 | 515 | 92 | 205 | 30000 | 40 | 201 | ||||||||
What is the difference between ASTM A240 304 and ASTM A666 304?
The main difference is that ASTM A240 is a specification for plates, sheets, and strips primarily for pressure vessels and general-purpose applications, while ASTM A666 is a specification for thin sheets, plates, and strips that are typically cold-worked. Both standards can apply to grade 304 stainless steel, but the specification chosen depends on the product's form, intended application, and required mechanical properties, especially its hardness and thickness.
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