AISI 321 / EN 1.4541 / X6CrNiTi18-10 Equivalent Grades

What is AISI 321 material specification?

AISI 321 is an austenitic stainless steel with a chromium content of 17-19% and a nickel content of 9-12%. It undergoes titanium stabilization treatment, giving it excellent resistance to intergranular corrosion after welding and at high temperatures. Its corrosion resistance is similar to that of 304 grade stainless steel, but it is more suitable for high-temperature applications such as aircraft exhaust systems and furnace components.

What material is equivalent to X6CrNiTi18-10?

321 (1.4541) Stainless Steel. 321 stainless steel grade is a really common grade which preferred for heat resistant applications. This grade is written as 1.4541 or X6CrNiTi18-10 according to EN norm and it is written as UNS S32100 according to UNS norm.

 

What is the differences between 1.4541 and 1.4571 stainless steel?

According to European standard EN 10088, material number 1.4541 is equivalent to AISI 321. It is also known as X6CrNiTi18-10. This is a titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel with good corrosion resistance, especially against intergranular corrosion. Material number 1.4571 / AISI 316 Ti is a titanium-stabilized austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel. It has good corrosion resistance to low concentrations of hydrochloric acid and organic acids.

 

1.4541 / AISI 321 Stainless Steel Equivalent Grades

Standard System	Equivalent Grade	Notes
AISI / ASTM (USA)	AISI 321 / UNS S32100	Direct chemical and mechanical equivalent
EN / DIN (Europe)	1.4541 / X6CrNiTi18-10	EN standard with Ti stabilization
BS (UK)	321S31	British equivalent used in structural specs
JIS (Japan)	SUS321	Japanese Industrial Standard
GB (China)	0Cr18Ni10Ti	Chinese standard with titanium
ISO	X6CrNiTi18-10	ISO nomenclature (same as EN)

 

1.4541 Stainless Steel Chemical Composition (% by weight)

Chemical Composition, %
Country (Region)	Standard	Steel Grade (Steel Number)	C, ≤	Si, ≤	Mn, ≤	P, ≤	S, ≤	Cr	Ni	Ti
European Union	EN 10088-2; EN 10088-3	X6CrNiTi18-10 (1.4541)	0,08	1,00	2,00	0,045	0,015	17,0-19,0	9,0-12,0	5xC to 0,70

 

1.4541 Stainless Steel Mechanical Properties (at room temperature)

Property	Typical Value	Standard Requirement (EN 10088-2)
Tensile Strength (Rm)	520 – 720 MPa	≥ 520 MPa
Yield Strength (Rp0.2)	≥ 210 MPa	≥ 210 MPa
Elongation (A5)	≥ 40%	≥ 40%
Brinell Hardness (HBW)	≤ 200	≤ 200
Density	~7.90 g/cm³	-

 

Physical Properties

Density, g/cm3	7,9
Magnetic	No
Electrical resistivity, μΩ·m	0,73 (20 ℃)
Specific heat capacity, J/(kg·K)	500 (20 ℃)
Thermal conductivity, (W/m·K)	15,0 (20 ℃)

 

1.4541 Material Heat Treatment

For solution annealing of 1.4541 material, if heat treatment is performed in a continuous furnace, it is generally best to specify the upper limit of the temperature range, or even exceed it, and the cooling rate should be fast enough to avoid precipitation. 321 stainless steel is the preferred grade for applications with a temperature range up to approximately 900 °C, combining high strength, oxidation resistance, phase stability, and resistance to subsequent water corrosion.

 

Welding
All common welding processes can be performed with or without filler metal. If filler metal is required, 1.4316 and 1.4551 steels are recommended. The maximum interpass temperature during welding is 200 °C. No preheating or post-weld heat treatment is required.

 

Corrosion Resistance
The PREN value of AISI 321 stainless steel is approximately 17-19. It retains some resistance to intergranular corrosion after welding, but to avoid pitting corrosion, long-term use in seawater is not recommended.