Equivalent grades of steel X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301)
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X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301) stainless steel.pdf
X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301) is a widely used austenitic stainless steel grade defined under the European EN standard. It is equivalent to AISI 304 (UNS S30400) in the American ASTM/SAE system and JIS SUS304 in the Japanese standard.
Equivalent grades of steel X5CrNi18-10 (1.4301)
| Standard | Grade |
|---|---|
| EN (Europe) | 1.4301 / X5CrNi18-10 |
| AISI / ASTM (USA) | 304 / UNS S30400 |
| JIS (Japan) | SUS 304 |
| ISO | X5CrNi18-10 |
| BS (UK) | 304S15 / 304S31 |
| DIN (Germany) | 1.4301 |
| AFNOR (France) | Z6CN18-09 |
| GOST | 08Х18Н10 |
| Grade : | X5CrNi18-10 | |||||||||||||||||
| Number: | 1.4301 | |||||||||||||||||
| Classification: | Austenitic stainless steel | |||||||||||||||||
| Density: | 7.9 g/cm ³ | |||||||||||||||||
| Standard: |
|
X5CrNi18-10 | 1.4301: Chemical composition (heat analysis)
| Percentage by weight % max. | |||||||
| C | Cr | Ni min. | N | Si | Mn | P | S |
| 0.07 | 17.5-19.5 | 8.0-10.5 | 0.10 | 1.00 | 2.00 | 0.045 | 0.015 |
X5CrNi18-10 | 1.4301: Mechanical properties (transverse)
| Proof stress Rp0,2 MPa min. | Tensile strength Rm MPa | Elongation at fracture A80 % min. |
| 230 | 540-750 | 45 |
FAQ
Q: What exactly does "X5CrNi18-10" signify?
A: This is a grade designation under the European EN standard:
X: Alloy steel.
5: Carbon content is approximately 0.05%.
CrNi18-10: Contains approximately 18% chromium and 10% nickel.
Q: Are 1.4301 and AISI 304 exactly the same?
A: Yes, they are functionally identical. Although there are slight differences in the permissible chemical composition ranges between European (EN) and American (ASTM) standards, they are generally considered equivalent materials in industrial applications.
Q: What is the difference between 1.4301 and 1.4307 (304L)?
A: 1.4301 has a maximum carbon content of 0.07%, whereas 1.4307 (304L) is a "low-carbon" steel (max. 0.03%). 1.4307 is better suited for welding because it prevents sensitization (i.e., intergranular corrosion) near the weld seam.
Q: Can the hardness of 1.4301 be increased through heat treatment?
A: No. Like all austenitic stainless steels, 1.4301 cannot be hardened by heat treatment. Its hardness can only be increased through cold working (such as cold rolling or cold drawing).
Q: Why does 1.4301 sometimes show signs of rust?
A: Although it is called "stainless" steel, this does not mean it is "completely immune to staining or rusting." It may rust in chloride-rich environments (such as those with salt or sea mist) or if the protective chromium oxide layer on the surface is damaged by contaminants, scratches, or contact with carbon steel tools.
Q: Is 1.4301 suitable for use in marine environments?
A: Generally, no. In marine or coastal environments, 1.4301 is relatively prone to surface corrosion (often referred to as "tea staining"). For marine environments, the use of 1.4404 (316L) material is strongly recommended.
Q: Is 1.4301 magnetic?
A: In the annealed state, it is non-magnetic. However, after cold-forming processes (such as bending, cutting, or stamping), it may exhibit slight magnetism; this is a common physical characteristic and does not indicate poor quality.
Q: What are the main applications for 1.4301?
A: Construction (e.g., railings, curtain walls), kitchen appliances, chemical containers, brewing equipment, the pharmaceutical industry, and various general-purpose transport or storage tanks.
