EN 1.4306 VS. 1.4404 stainless steel: What’s the difference?
EN 1.4306 vs. 1.4404 Stainless Steel: What's the Difference?
When choosing between EN 1.4306 and 1.4404 stainless steel, it's essential to understand their chemical differences, corrosion resistance, applications, and cost implications. Both grades are low-carbon austenitic stainless steels-1.4306 is comparable to AISI 304L, while 1.4404 corresponds to AISI 316L. But their performance in corrosive environments and critical applications varies significantly.
EN 1.4306 vs. 1.4404 Stainless Steel: Chemical Composition
| Element | EN 1.4306 (AISI 304L) | EN 1.4404 (AISI 316L) |
|---|---|---|
| Chromium (Cr) | 17.5 – 19.5% | 16.5 – 18.5% |
| Nickel (Ni) | 10.0 – 13.0% | 10.0 – 13.0% |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | - | 2.0 – 2.5% |
| Carbon (C) | ≤ 0.030% | ≤ 0.030% |
| Manganese (Mn) | ≤ 2.0% | ≤ 2.0% |
Key difference: 1.4404 contains molybdenum, which greatly improves its resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, especially in chloride-rich environments.
EN 1.4306 vs. 1.4404 Stainless Steel: Corrosion Resistance
EN 1.4306 (304L): Good resistance to oxidation and general corrosion in mild environments such as food processing, water systems, and domestic equipment.
EN 1.4404 (316L): Superior resistance in marine, chemical, and high-chloride environments due to the presence of molybdenum.
EN 1.4306 vs. 1.4404 Stainless Steel: Mechanical & Physical Properties
| Property | 1.4306 | 1.4404 |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | 500–700 MPa | 500–700 MPa |
| Yield Strength (Rp0.2) | ≥ 200 MPa | ≥ 220 MPa |
| Elongation | ≥ 40% | ≥ 40% |
| Density | 7.93 g/cm³ | 7.98 g/cm³ |
| Magnetic | Non-magnetic (annealed) | Non-magnetic (annealed) |
EN 1.4306 vs. 1.4404 Stainless Steel: Weldability & Fabrication
Both grades offer excellent weldability, with low carbon content to reduce the risk of intergranular corrosion after welding. However:
1.4306 is more widely used in general structural and hygienic fabrication.
1.4404 is better suited for high-performance or chemical-resistant assemblies.
EN 1.4306 vs. 1.4404 Stainless Steel: Applications
| Sector | 1.4306 (304L) | 1.4404 (316L) |
|---|---|---|
| Food processing | Tanks, sinks, pipes | Sterile processing lines |
| Medical/Pharma | Equipment housing | Autoclaves, surgical tables |
| Marine/Offshore | Not recommended | Excellent performance in salt water |
| Architecture | Interior trim, cladding | Coastal facades, exposed structures |
| Chemical industry | Basic tanks | Acidic media, aggressive chemicals |
EN 1.4306 vs. 1.4404 Stainless Steel: price
1.4306 is more economical, making it ideal for non-critical corrosion environments.
1.4404 is more expensive due to molybdenum content but justifies the cost in demanding applications.
Conclusion: Which One Should You Choose?
Choose EN 1.4306 if:
You need good corrosion resistance at a lower cost.
The application is in mildly corrosive or indoor environments.
Choose EN 1.4404 if:
The environment involves chlorides, chemicals, or seawater.
You require long-term durability in harsh conditions.
